Isolation of Three High Molecular Weight Polysaccharide Preparations with Potent Immunostimulatory Activity from Spirulina platensis, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Planta Med 67 (2001) 737-742

Author(s): Nirmal Pugh, Samir A. Ross, Hala N. Elsohly, Mahmoun A. ElSohly, David S. Pasco

ABSTRACT

This research describes the identification of three new high molecular weight polysaccharide preparations isolated from food-grade micro algae that are potent activators of human monocytes/macrophages: "immuline" from Spirulina platensis "Immunon" from Aphanizomenon flos-aquae; and "Immurella" from Chlorella pyrenoidosa. These polysaccharides are structurally complex and have estimated molecular weights above ten million Daltons. All three polysaccharides are highly water soluble and comprise between 0.5% and 2.0% of micro algal dry weight. Immunostimulatory activity was measured using transcription factor-based bioassay for nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation in THP-1 human monocytes/macrophages. Using this system the EC50 values for these micro algal polysaccharides are between 20 and 110 ng/ml (about 10pM). THP-1 activation was confirmed by measuring immune cytokine mRNA induction using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Each polysaccharide substantially increased mRNA levels of interleukin and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a). The polysaccharides are between one hundred and one thousand times more active for in vitro monocyte activation than polysaccharides preparation that are currently used clinically for cancer immunotherapy.

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TESTIMONIES

"As I reflect on our experience with Julia, the word that comes to mind is "resilience." Julia is our 19-year-old cat, and she has been on Bluegreen Body algae for over a year. We began feeding her the product when we noticed some decline in her attitude that we attributed to old age. Since then, she has had a number of diagnoses that are common in old cats (hyperthyroidism, cardiomyopathy, recurrent cystitis, and renal disease). We treated her medically and continued the Bluegreen Body. With each new episode of illness, we know it might be her last. But, she has repeatedly surprised me by bouncing back and continuing her highly spoiled lifestyle. In recent months, we have added a sprinkle of enzymes to her food. With this addition, her appetite improved (a plus!) and she has had less of a problem with constipation. In my experience, it´s unusual that an old animal is able to repeatedly survive several different health problems. I attribute Julia´s survival to both good medical management and to lots of TLC. One of the ways our TLC is manifested is by including algae and enzymes in her diet."
- Dr. Mary Walser, VMD, Ph.D
Professor of Pathology, Univ. of Minnesota